New technologies in agriculture - assistance in struggle for the best harvest

Source

APK-Inform

2012

As it is known, good harvest highly depends on the favorable weather conditions. At the same time, new agricultural technologies also play rather important role in the sphere. Introduction of contemporary methods of work in agricultural enterprises allows decreasing the influence of the unfavorable weather factors in several times, preventing serious losses of agricultural crops, increasing of the harvest qualitative parameters. Alexander Berdnik, the general director of the group of companies Agroliga, decided to talk with APK-Inform Agency concerning the adaptation of progressive methods of work and effectiveness of such methods.

- Alexander Nikolaevich, what agricultural technologies are usually required for introduction to enterprises of the agro industrial complex first of all?

- Agricultural companies of Ukraine give little attention to the issue of introduction of comprehensive methods of working. Choice of the seed material is one of the most important moments in the sphere. On a compulsory basis, all seeds should pass laboratory investigations of germinating ability, spread ability and etc. They should be dimensioned, treated, processed and incrustated. According to our experience, seeds of wheat and barley of Odessa, Dnepropetrovsk and Kiev selection provide rather good results. For example, specialists of our company constantly visit various agricultural events, become acquainted with new varieties of agricultural crops, hybrids, estimate results of sowings. We constantly provide selection of new varieties of plants, but every new variety of plants is necessary to bring into correlation with characteristics of neighborhood land areas, weather conditions. It is necessary to provide processing change after purchasing of seeds. The company Agroliga ozonizes seeds, in other words refills seeds with oxygen. Other Ukrainian agricultural enterprises almost do not use such technology, due to reluctance of meeting of additional expenditures. But the spent assets completely demonstrate its value in practice: ozone treatment provides favorable effect at plant growth, cultivated plants increase their growing rates, which even exceed indices of weeds. Weeds continue growing despite all attempts of agricultural enterprises to get rid of such plants, that is why, it is important that such sowings of cultivated plants will become stronger.

- What is the most necessary elements of preparation of the sowing areas?

- Right preparation of soil at agricultural fields is one of the most important elements. To date, the industry has plenty of agricultural tools, which allows realization of such preparation. Nearly 3 years ago, the first deep tillers appeared in Ukraine. And we also decided to test such technologies. Results of such soil preparations satisfied us: deep tillers provide excellent reservation of moisture in soil, which provides positive effect at plant growing.

- What role does up-to-date sowing technical equipment plays in receiving of good harvest volumes?

- Unfortunately, in many instances the majority of domestic Ukrainian seeding-machines becomes behind compared to foreign analogs. Using domestic agricultural equipment in agrarian enterprises, we often had to enable rather large number of operating personnel in the work. Last year, we purchased one seeding-machine of American origin, which allowed solving sowing tasks without involvement of such large number of employees. Besides, such technical equipment allows decreasing losses of grains and fertilizers. How does it work out? It is required to put grains to soil at the depth of 4-5 cm. The domestic seeding-machines has not reach such level of accuracy yet, the error can alternate: such machines put grains either at the depth of 8 cm, or above at all. The domestic seeding-machines put 30% of grain seeds only at the required depth. As a result, seeds start sprouting rather nonuniformly in such case. Also, good technical equipment allows reducing terms of the sowing campaign by over two times. Agrarians know full well the importance of such soil processing, in many cases, one day of sowing works can provide essential influence at the complete result. Agrarians manage to sow crops at the right time, it rains, and grains receive the required moisture volumes. But if agrarians miss the required beginning of the sowing campaign, the following result will highly differ compared to the planned expectations.

- As far as we know, last year, the company Agroliga started using new technologies of fertilizing of sowing areas. Would you tell us about these innovations?

- Last year, we took decision to order the analysis of soil condition of our sowing areas from one of scientific and research companies, on the basis of such analysis, specialists will estimate the required volumes and varieties of mineral fertilizers for soil treatment. Basing on such estimations, therefore, we plan to purchase various types of fertilizers. In Kharkiv oblast, only three agricultural enterprises use such technologies. Agrarians mainly apply the standard complex of fertilizers, and nobody expects that any microelements can become rather excess or show the deficit indices at agricultural fields. I have serious doubts in effectiveness of such approach. Also, last year, in several cases, we started applying micronutrient fertilizers, and scuh works assisted to the growth of harvest volumes - to 5 c/ha.

- In the current year, 100% of winter wheat, sown by the company Agroliga, showed rather stable sprouting conditions. How did you managed to reach such results?

- It is necessary to provide the complete complex of works for cultivating of agricultural crops. It is impossible to purchase qualitative seeds and save money at fertilizers, because the good harvest will not appear as a result. We sowed qualitative seed material, made soil analysis, applied right volumes of fertilizers on the basis of such analysis, made good preparation works at agricultural fields, provided reliable applying of plant protectors, in other words we provided rather serious complex of agricultural works. I should also mention that Kharkiv oblast does not have very fertile agricultural areas, and agrarians have to double their efforts and labor in order to reach such harvest volumes as Poltava oblast produces.

- What is your opinion concerning high level of losses among winter crops sowings in Ukraine in the current year? What did provide the main negative effect: the unfavorable weather conditions or any other key factors?

- Of course, many indices depend on the weather conditions. At the same time, many additional reasons also provide influence at production volumes of winter crops. As odd as it may seem, to date several agricultural enterprises in Ukraine still do not treat winter wheat seeds before the sowing campaign, which is one of the necessary measures. It is important to provide the spring additional fertilizing of plants, but many agricultural enterprises do not make such works. Such economy at fertilizing assists to the lowering of yield indices by several times. In other words, we have strict technologies of winter crops growing and should follow the technologies.

Viktoria Sorokopud

based on materials of the press-cutting service of the group of companies Agroliga

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