European part
On most days of the first ten-day period of June 2019, in the Central and Northwestern Federal Districts and the western half of the Volga District there were rather warm weather conditions, and on 3-4 last days of the period — even hot weather. On June 4-8, in the East of the Volga Federal District the weather conditions became somewhat colder compared with the standard level, and the average daily temperature lowered by 1-2°C. In most raions, the maximum air temperature increased to +27…32°C. On June 5-9, in eastern raions of the Central Black Earth oblasts and in the south of the Middle Volga region there was observed the dangerous agro-meteorological phenomena — dry hotwind.
In most raions, the agro-meteorological conditions for crops growth and development were rather good and satisfactory. In the fields, winter grains started earing and blooming. Spring grain crops reached tillering and stem growing processes, depending on the planting dates; in southern raions in the fields of early planting terms, spring barley came into ear, while in northern raions in the fields of late planting terms, spring barley and wheat were in the stages sprouts emergence and third leaf formation. Corn and sunflower seed mainly demonstrated leaf growing processes, as well as in southern raions sugar beet reached the stage of roots thickening. The condition of major agricultural crops was mostly good.
In terms of hot and drought weather conditions, the moisture provision of plants decreased, but in most raions it was still rather sufficient, while in the Central Black Earth oblasts and the Middle Volga region the stocks of productive moisture content in the tilth-top soil layer decreased to the satisfactory level, and in some fields — to insufficient level. In some fields of Orenburg oblast, spring wheat areas were damaged by the drought.
On most days, in the Southern and North Caucasian Federal Districts the weather conditions were rather hot (+30…35°C in daytime), with few dry hotwind weather events. Winter grains continued its grain filling processes, and in southern raions the crops almost completed the processes. Also, in some fields winter barley started ripening. Spring grains mainly reached the stage of stem growing, and the fields with early planted spring barley continued its earing and grain filling processes. At the same time, tilled crops continued increasing its vegetative masses.
The condition of agricultural crops was rather good and satisfactory. Due to the deficit of precipitations, in most fields the moisture provision of crops was satisfactory, and sometimes even bad. In some raions of the eastern half of the region, the soil drought processes continued developing, and the reserves of productive moisture content in the meter soil layer were poor (less than 50 mm). In the reporting raions, the condition of winter wheat and spring barley areas was satisfactory, and in some fields the plants were damaged by the drought.
In the current month, in most raions of the European part of the Russian Federation the agro-meteorological conditions for further growth, development and harvesting of agricultural crops will be good and satisfactory. In some southern raions of the territory, the moisture content of plants will somewhat reduce.
Asian part
For the first ten-day period of June 2019, in most agricultural raions of the Ural and Siberian Federal Districts the weather conditions were rather disturbed. In the Ural District, in the beginning of the period some days were the warmest ones, and in the north of the District the warm weather was even observed at the end of the ten-day period, while in the Siberian District it was warm mainly in the second half of the period. On such days, the average air daily temperature increased by 2-5°C compared with the standard, and the maximum temperature rose to +22…27°C, and sometimes — even to +28…30°C. On some cold days, the average daily air temperature reduced 2-6°C, and the minimum temperature dropped to nearly +1…5°C. In Tomsk, Kemerovo, Irkutsk oblasts, in some raions of Krasnoyarsk Krai, the Republics of Tuva and Khakassia, there were observed some air and soil surface frosts (to -3…-1°C).
In almost all raions, there were uneven precipitations, on some days they were rather heavy (the daily maximum level of precipitations varied within 24-46 mm or more). For almost half of the ten-day period, the weather conditions for completion of the planting campaign in eastern raions of the Ural District, most raions of Western Siberia and some southern raions of Eastern Siberia were unfavourable due to rains, and on some days agrarians even had to stop the field works. In the remaining raions of the Ural District and most raions of Eastern Siberia, the weather conditions for completion of the planting campaign were mostly favourable, buy only for 1-3 days of the ten-day period rains became the major reasons for such situation development. Due to the dominance of cool weather conditions, as well as frosts in some raions, the conditions for spiked grain crops growth and development were mostly satisfactory.
In most raions, winter grains continued its stem growing processes. The planted areas under early spring grains were in the stages of sprouts emergence and tillering, depending on the planting dates. The condition of crops was good and satisfactory, while the soil moisture level — sufficient. Rains somewhat enlarged moisture reserves in the soil in many southern raions, where at the end of May they dropped to the minimum level, and were even insufficient in some cases.
Until June 6, in several raions of the Republic of Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai the weather weather conditions became colder than usual. On some days, the average daily air temperature decreased by 2-4°C below the standard. In the reporting period, on some days there were observed air and soil surface frosts (to -5…-2°C), which slowed down the sprout emergence of early spring crops, and the available rains somewhat complicated the completion of the planting campaign, but contributed to replenishment of the moisture content in the soil. In the reporting raions, the depth of precipitations varied within 15-30 mm. Then the weather got warmer than usual, and the trend kept until the end of the ten-day period. The average air temperature exceeded the standard by 4-7°, and the maximum temperature grew to +27…31°C.
In the fields with agricultural crops planted at the end of May, sprouts of early spring grains already appeared, and in the fields with the earlier planted crops, they started its leaf formation processes.
In the remaining raions of the Far Eastern Federal District, the weather was somewhat warmer than usual. The average daily air temperature varied within the standard rates, or exceeded the standard by 1-2°C. In almost all raions, it rained, in some raions of Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krais and the Jewish Autonomous oblast, they were rather heavy (the ten-day depth rates reached 15-60 mm and more).
Heavy rains throughout some fields of the reporting territory caused waterlogging of the topsoil layers, which significantly worsened the further completion of the planting campaign, as well as the conditions for sprouts emergence, growth and development of early spring grains. In some raions of Khabarovsk Krai and the Jewish Autonomous oblast, the soil waterlogging processes reached the level of the dangerous agro-meteorological phenomena. In some western and eastern raions of Amur oblast, the depth of precipitations was less than 10 mm.
In such raions, the weather conditions for completion of the planting works, growth and development of early spring grains were mainly favourable. At the end of the ten-day period, in most raions of the District in the fields planted in late April and early May, early spring grains started tillering, while in the fields of the later planting dates they were in different stages — from sprouts emergence to the third leaf formation. The condition of agricultural crop areas was good and satisfactory.
In most agricultural raions of the Asian part of Russia, including the Ural Federal District and Western Siberia, the agro-meteorological conditions for sprouts emergence, growth and development of early spring grains, and formation of the harvest of winter grain crops, will be mostly satisfactory.
According to the Hydrometeorological Centre of Russia www.meteoinfo.ru
