European part
In the first ten-day period of August 2019, in the Northwestern, Central and Volga Federal Districts the weather conditions were abnormally colder than usual, in terms of precipitations of varying intensity. On most days of the ten-day period, the average daily air temperature lowered by 4-7°C compared with the standard, and on the coldest days (in the middle of the ten-day period) the maximum temperature mainly did not exceed +14…16°C, while in the north of the territory — +8…10°C. On the warmest day, August 8, the maximum air temperature throughout most territory increased to +23…26°C, in some raions of the Central Black Earth oblasts the figures reached +30°C, and only in the north of the territory — +17…18°C.
For 3-4 days, it rained in most raions, and the depth of precipitations mainly totaled 20-25 mm. For 5-7 days, the agro-meteorological conditions for harvesting works were quite satisfactory. In the northwest of the Central District, northern raions and some western raions of the Volga District, as well as in some raions of Pskov and Novgorod oblasts, the precipitation depth reached 45-90 mm, and the conditions for harvesting works were unfavourable for 5-7 days. In some fields of Perm Krai, Ulyanovsk and Saratov oblasts, the precipitation depth totaled 105-116 mm, which exceeded the monthly standard in almost two times. The topsoil layer and the plant stand of grain crops were extensively waterlogged. The weather conditions for harvesting works were extremely unfavourable and bad, so agrarians temporarily slowed down the works.
In most raions of Bryansk, Kursk and Belgorod oblasts, in the northwest of Voronezh oblast, some raions of Leningrad, Kostroma, Nizhny Novgorod oblasts, in western raions of the Mari El and Tatarstan Republics, the precipitation depth was low (6-10 mm), but the air humidity was very high. In terms of the low air temperature, the plant stand of grain crops and the topsoil layer dried out in slow rates, and the general weather conditions for harvesting works were satisfactory.
In several farms in some northeastern raions of the territory, agrarians started planting winter grain crops for the harvest-2020 in rather early terms.
In the first ten-day period of August, the weather conditions for formation of the harvest of late tilled crops were mainly satisfactory. The general condition of plants was mostly good. In the Central Black Earth oblasts and the Middle Volga region, sugar beet continued demonstrating its root growth processes, sunflower seed — head growing and seed filling processes, as well as the fields with early planted crops already reached the stage of ripening. Some fields with corn still continued its flowering processes, but most fields reached the milky kernel stage. Some hydrometeorological stations observed damages to corn and potato crops by agricultural pests and diseases.
In the reporting period, in the Southern and North Caucasian Federal Districts , the weather conditions were somewhat colder than usual, as well as the average air temperature lowered by 1-3°C compared with the standard. In most raions of the territory, the precipitation depth was quite small (less than 10 mm), and the conditions for completion of the harvesting campaign of spiked grain crops and beginning of the harvesting campaign of late crops were mostly good. However, in several northern raions of Rostov oblast, northwestern raions of Volgograd oblast, the extreme southern raions of Krasnodar Krai, and some raions of the North Caucasian Republics, there were heavy rains (35-55 mm and more). For 3-4 days, the precipitations significantly worsened the conditions for holding the harvesting works. In the west of Rostov oblast and in most raions of the Crimea, for one or two days rains (15-20 mm) worsened the conditions of the harvesting campaign.
The agro-meteorological conditions for formation of the harvest of late tilled crops were mainly satisfactory.
In the remaining part of the month , in most raions of the European part Russia the agro-meteorological conditions will be mostly satisfactory for holding of the harvesting works, and formation of the harvest of late crops, while in the northeast of the territory — for beginning of the planting campaign of winter grains for the harvest-2020.
Asian part
For the first ten days of August 2019, in most agricultural raions of the Ural Federal District the weather conditions became colder compared with the standard level. The average air daily temperature mainly lowered by 2-5°C compared with the standard, but on some days it varied within the standard rates. In southeastern raions of the District, the maximum temperature increased to +25…28°C, while in other raions — mainly +22…24°C.
Rains supported the sufficient moisture provision of agricultural crops. In the reporting period, in all raions the depth of precipitation varied within 15-25 mm, while in the north of Sverdlovsk oblast and some south-western raions of Tyumen oblast the figures reached 30-40 mm and more. At the end of the reporting period, in most raions winter grain crops reached its complete ripeness stage. In the extreme southeastern raions of the District, some farms already started harvesting the crops. At the end of the reporting period, in all raions early spring grains reached the gold ripeness stage. Due to the dominance of the cool weather, and in the northeast of the territory — rainy weather, the conditions for crops ripening were mostly satisfactory.
For the whole first ten-day period, in the Siberian Federal District the weather conditions became much warmer compared with the standard level. The average daily air temperature exceeded the standard by 3-5°C, and on some days — up 6-8°C, and the maximum temperature increased to +32…35°C, while in the southwest of Altai Krai — to +36…38°C (in some raions of Irkutsk oblast — to +29…31°C).
In central and some eastern raions of Altai Krai, in the east of Kemerovo and Tomsk oblasts, as well as in some raions of the Republic of Khakassia and in the northwest of Krasnoyarsk Krai, rains (15-25 mm per ten-day period) supported the sufficient moisture level of grain crops. In most other raions of the District, there was some deficit of precipitations (less than 10 mm per ten-day period), and the moisture provision of plants decreased, but remained at the sufficient level in almost all raions. In most raions, the weather conditions for completion of the formation processes of early spring grains harvest were good and satisfactory.
The warm weather catalyzed the ripening processes of early spring grains with late planted terms. At the end of the reporting period, in some southern raions spring barley of early planted terms reached the complete ripeness stage. In most raions, spring wheat fields reached the gold ripeness stage, while the fields with late planted terms — milky kernel stage. In some raions of Omsk oblast, south-western raions of Novosibirsk oblast, western and in some south-western raions of Altai Krai, the moisture provision of early spring grains of late planted terms remained quite insufficient, and sometimes even bad, due to rather low precipitation depth in the previous ten-day period. In some raions, spring wheat areas were somewhat damaged by the drought phenomena (premature autumn yellowing, drying of leaves, stems, and in some raions of Altai Krai — drying of plants).
At the end of the reporting period, southern raions of Tomsk oblast reached the optimum time for planting of winter grains for the harvest-2020, and some farms started the field works mainly under favourable conditions. In the extremely early terms, in Altai Krai some farms started planting winter crops.
In most raions of the Far Eastern Federal District , the weather conditions were somewhat warmer than usual. The average daily air temperature exceeded the standard level by 1-2°C, and on some days — up 3-4°C. Only on some days in the second half of the ten-day period, the weather became somewhat colder (the average daily air temperature decreased by 1-2°C compared with the standard). In warm periods (mainly in the first half of the ten-day period, while in the south of Primorsky Krai — on most days of the ten-day period), the maximum air temperature grew to +25…32°C, and even higher, which advanced the ripening processes of early spring grains.
At the end of the ten day-period, in most raions early spring grains reached the gold ripeness stage, and in some southern raions of Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krais — the complete ripeness. In the fields of late planted terms, in the south of the Republic of Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai spring wheat started earing and blooming. At the same time, some rains, including heavy rains (from 20-30 mm to 40-80 mm, and even more, per ten-day period), and waterlogging of the soil slowed down the ripening processes, and complicated the harvesting campaign of early spring grains.
In the remaining part of August 2019 , in most agricultural raions of the Asian part of Russia the agro-meteorological conditions for ending of the formation processes of the harvest of early spring grains, and beginning of the harvesting campaign in southern raions, will develop at the average annual level. In the Ural Federal District and the west of the Siberian District, the weather conditions for beginning of the planting campaign of winter grains for the harvest-2020 will be mainly satisfactory.
According to the Hydrometeorological Centre of Russia www.meteoinfo.ru
